Kuelewa Umuhimu wa Taratibu Sahihi za Kuchomelea Bomba kwa Bomba la Chuma la Ond linalotumika katika Mistari ya Maji ya Chini
Mabomba ya chuma ya ondhutumiwa sana katika mabomba ya maji ya chini ya ardhi kutokana na nguvu zao za juu na uwezo wa kuhimili shinikizo la nje.Mabomba yanatengenezwa kutoka kwa vipande vya coil vya chuma vilivyovingirwa moto vinavyounda sura ya ond.Mchakato wa kulehemu wa ond unaotumiwa kutengeneza mabomba haya hutoa uadilifu bora wa kimuundo, na kuifanya kuwa bora kwa matumizi ya chini ya ardhi.
Kipenyo cha Nje cha Jina | Unene wa Ukuta wa Jina (mm) | ||||||||||||||
mm ndani | 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 22.0 | |
Uzito kwa Urefu wa Kitengo (kg/m) | |||||||||||||||
219.1 | 8-5/8 | 31.53 | 36.61 | 41.65 | |||||||||||
273.1 | 10-3/4 | 39.52 | 45.94 | 52.30 | |||||||||||
323.9 | 12-3/4 | 47.04 | 54.71 | 62.32 | 69.89 | 77.41 | |||||||||
(325) | 47.20 | 54.90 | 62.54 | 70.14 | 77.68 | ||||||||||
355.6 | 14 | 51.73 | 60.18 | 68.58 | 76.93 | 85.23 | |||||||||
(377.0) | 54.89 | 63.87 | 72.80 | 81.67 | 90.50 | ||||||||||
406.4 | 16 | 59.25 | 68.95 | 78.60 | 88.20 | 97.76 | 107.26 | 116.72 | |||||||
(426.0) | 62.14 | 72.33 | 82.46 | 92.55 | 102.59 | 112.58 | 122.51 | ||||||||
457 | 18 | 66.73 | 77.68 | 88.58 | 99.44 | 110.24 | 120.99 | 131.69 | |||||||
(478.0) | 69.84 | 81.30 | 92.72 | 104.09 | 115.41 | 126.69 | 137.90 | ||||||||
508.0 | 20 | 74.28 | 86.49 | 98.65 | 110.75 | 122.81 | 134.82 | 146.79 | 158.69 | 170.56 | |||||
(529.0) | 77.38 | 90.11 | 102.78 | 115.40 | 127.99 | 140.52 | 152.99 | 165.43 | 177.80 | ||||||
559.0 | 22 | 81.82 | 95.29 | 108.70 | 122.07 | 135.38 | 148.65 | 161.88 | 175.04 | 188.17 | |||||
610.0 | 24 | 89.37 | 104.10 | 118.77 | 133.39 | 147.97 | 162.48 | 176.97 | 191.40 | 205.78 | |||||
(630.0) | 92.33 | 107.54 | 122.71 | 137.83 | 152.90 | 167.92 | 182.89 | 197.81 | 212.68 | ||||||
660.0 | 26 | 96.77 | 112.73 | 128.63 | 144.48 | 160.30 | 176.05 | 191.77 | 207.43 | 223.04 | |||||
711.0 | 28 | 104.32 | 121.53 | 138.70 | 155.81 | 172.88 | 189.89 | 206.86 | 223.78 | 240.65 | 257.47 | 274.24 | |||
(720.0) | 105.65 | 123.09 | 140.47 | 157.81 | 175.10 | 192.34 | 209.52 | 226.66 | 243.75 | 260.80 | 277.79 | ||||
762.0 | 30 | 111.86 | 130.34 | 148.76 | 167.13 | 185.45 | 203.73 | 211.95 | 240.13 | 258.26 | 276.33 | 294.36 | |||
813.0 | 32 | 119.41 | 139.14 | 158.82 | 178.45 | 198.03 | 217.56 | 237.05 | 256.48 | 275.86 | 295.20 | 314.48 | |||
(820.0) | 120.45 | 140.35 | 160.20 | 180.00 | 199.76 | 219.46 | 239.12 | 258.72 | 278.28 | 297.79 | 317.25 | ||||
864.0 | 34 | 147.94 | 168.88 | 189.77 | 210.61 | 231.40 | 252.14 | 272.83 | 293.47 | 314.06 | 334.61 | ||||
914.0 | 36 | 178.75 | 200.87 | 222.94 | 244.96 | 266.94 | 288.86 | 310.73 | 332.56 | 354.34 | |||||
(920.0) | 179.93 | 202.20 | 224.42 | 246.59 | 286.70 | 290.78 | 312.79 | 334.78 | 356.68 | ||||||
965.0 | 38 | 188.81 | 212.19 | 235.52 | 258.80 | 282.03 | 305.21 | 328.34 | 351.43 | 374.46 | |||||
1016.0 | 40 | 198.87 | 223.51 | 248.09 | 272.63 | 297.12 | 321.56 | 345.95 | 370.29 | 394.58 | 443.02 | ||||
(1020.0) | 199.66 | 224.39 | 249.08 | 273.72 | 298.31 | 322.84 | 347.33 | 371.77 | 396.16 | 444.77 | |||||
1067.0 | 42 | 208.93 | 234.83 | 260.67 | 286.47 | 312.21 | 337.91 | 363.56 | 389.16 | 414.71 | 465.66 | ||||
118.0 | 44 | 218.99 | 246.15 | 273.25 | 300.30 | 327.31 | 354.26 | 381.17 | 408.02 | 343.83 | 488.30 | ||||
1168.0 | 46 | 228.86 | 257.24 | 285.58 | 313.87 | 342.10 | 370.29 | 398.43 | 426.52 | 454.56 | 510.49 | ||||
1219.0 | 48 | 238.92 | 268.56 | 298.16 | 327.70 | 357.20 | 386.64 | 416.04 | 445.39 | 474.68 | 553.13 | ||||
(1220.0) | 239.12 | 268.78 | 198.40 | 327.97 | 357.49 | 386.96 | 146.38 | 445.76 | 475.08 | 533.58 | |||||
1321.0 | 52 | 291.20 | 323.31 | 327.97 | 387.38 | 449.34 | 451.26 | 483.12 | 514.93 | 578.41 | |||||
(1420.0) | 347.72 | 355.37 | 416.66 | 451.08 | 485.41 | 519.74 | 553.96 | 622.32 | 690.52 | ||||||
1422.0 | 56 | 348.22 | 382.23 | 417.27 | 451.72 | 486.13 | 520.48 | 554.97 | 623.25 | 691.51 | 759.58 | ||||
1524.0 | 60 | 373.38 | 410.44 | 447.46 | 484.43 | 521.34 | 558.21 | 595.03 | 688.52 | 741.82 | 814.91 | ||||
(1620.0) | 397.03 | 436.48 | 457.84 | 515.20 | 554.46 | 593.73 | 623.87 | 711.11 | 789.12 | 867.00 | |||||
1626.0 | 64 | 398.53 | 438.11 | 477.64 | 517.13 | 556.56 | 595.95 | 635.28 | 713.80 | 792.13 | 870.26 | ||||
1727.0 | 68 | 423.44 | 465.51 | 507.53 | 549.51 | 591.43 | 633.31 | 675.13 | 758.64 | 841.94 | 925.05 | ||||
(1820.0) | 446.37 | 492.74 | 535.06 | 579.32 | 623.50 | 667.71 | 711.79 | 799.92 | 887.81 | 975.51 | |||||
1829.0 | 72 | 493.18 | 626.65 | 671.04 | 714.20 | 803.92 | 890.77 | 980.39 | |||||||
1930.0 | 76 | 661.52 | 708.40 | 755.23 | 848.75 | 942.07 | 1035.19 | ||||||||
(2020.0) | 692.60 | 741.69 | 790.75 | 888.70 | 986.41 | 1084.02 | |||||||||
2032.0 | 80 | 696.74 | 746.13 | 795.48 | 894.03 | 992.38 | 1090.53 | ||||||||
(2220.0) | 761.65 | 815.68 | 869.66 | 977.50 | 1085.80 | 1192.53 | |||||||||
(2420.0) | 948.58 | 1066.26 | 1183.75 | 1301.04 | |||||||||||
(2540.0) | 100 | 995.93 | 1119.53 | 1242.94 | 1366.15 | ||||||||||
(2845.0) | 112 | 1116.28 | 1254.93 | 1393.37 | 1531.63 |
Kumbuka:
1.Pia zinazopatikana pia ni mabomba ya chuma katika kipenyo cha kawaida cha nje na unene wa ukuta wa kawaida kati ya saizi zao zilizo karibu zilizoorodheshwa kwenye jedwali, lakini mkataba utatiwa saini.
2. Vipenyo vya nje vya majina katika mabano kwenye meza ni vipenyo vilivyohifadhiwa.
Moja ya vipengele muhimu zaidi vya kutumia chuma cha ondbomba kwa mistari ya maji ya chini ya ardhini taratibu sahihi za kulehemu.Kulehemu ni mchakato wa kuunganisha sehemu mbili za chuma kwa kutumia joto na shinikizo.Kwa mabomba ya maji ya chini ya ardhi, ubora wa kulehemu huathiri moja kwa moja uadilifu wa jumla na uaminifu wa bomba.
Sahihitaratibu za kulehemu bombakwa ond chuma bomba kuhusisha hatua kadhaa muhimu.Kwanza, uso wa bomba la kuunganishwa lazima liwe safi na lisilo na uchafu wowote kama vile uchafu, mafuta au rangi.Hii inahakikisha kwamba weld ni imara na haina uchafu ambao unaweza kuathiri nguvu zake.
Kisha, vigezo vya kulehemu kama vile uingizaji wa joto, kasi ya kulehemu na mbinu lazima vidhibitiwe kwa uangalifu ili kufikia welds za ubora wa juu.Kutumia nyenzo na mbinu za kulehemu zinazofaa ni muhimu ili kuzuia kasoro kama vile porosity, nyufa, au ukosefu wa muunganisho, ambao unaweza kuhatarisha uadilifu wa weld.
Zaidi ya hayo, taratibu sahihi za joto la awali na baada ya weld ni muhimu kwa bomba la chuma la ond linalotumiwa katika mistari ya maji ya chini ya ardhi.Kupasha joto kunasaidia kupunguza hatari ya kupasuka na kuboresha ubora wa jumla wa weld, wakati matibabu ya joto baada ya weld huondoa mikazo iliyobaki na kuhakikisha muundo mdogo wa usawa katika eneo lote la weld.
Kwa kuongezea, utumiaji wa teknolojia za hali ya juu za kulehemu kama vile michakato ya kulehemu kiotomatiki na upimaji usio na uharibifu unaweza kuboresha zaidi ubora na kuegemea kwa kulehemu.Teknolojia hizi husaidia kuhakikisha kwamba viunganishi vilivyo svetsade vinakidhi nguvu na viwango vya ubora vinavyohitajika ili kutoa amani ya akili kuhusu utendakazi wa muda mrefu wa njia za maji chini ya ardhi.
Kwa muhtasari, taratibu sahihi za kulehemu za bomba ni muhimu ili kuhakikisha uadilifu na maisha marefu ya bomba la chuma la ond linalotumiwa katika mistari ya maji ya chini ya ardhi.Kwa kufuata vigezo muhimu vya kulehemu, mbinu na hatua za udhibiti wa ubora, hatari ya kasoro ya kulehemu na kushindwa inaweza kupunguzwa kwa kiasi kikubwa.Matokeo yake ni njia ya maji ya chini ya ardhi ya kuaminika na ya kudumu ambayo inaweza kuhimili mtihani wa muda na kutoa huduma za utoaji wa maji salama na ufanisi.Kwa njia za maji ya chini ya ardhi, kuwekeza katika mpango sahihi wa kulehemu ni hatua muhimu katika kuhakikisha uaminifu wa jumla na maisha marefu ya bomba.